eNews
#04 2025
Young scientists dive into water quality exploration
By Nozipho Mahlanze, Science Engagement Officer, Grasslands Node, NRF-SAEON
In July this year, SAEON’s Grasslands Node hosted an engaging Grade 10 science camp at the Futululu Forest in St Lucia. The camp brought together 17 learners and four educators from four high schools located within the Maputaland Coastal Plain – Langelihle High School, Justice Nxumalo Technical School, Inkosi Moses Zikhali High School and Inkosi Mpiyake High School.
The camp focused on exploring water quality in different water bodies, offering learners a hands-on opportunity to investigate and understand the condition of various water bodies in the region. Through fieldwork and scientific inquiry, learners were inspired to think critically about freshwater ecosystems and the factors affecting their health.
Introducing learners to the foundations of scientific inquiry
The first day of the camp focused on developing scientific thinking skills. Learners attended an engaging lecture on the scientific method, which introduced them to the fundamentals of conducting scientific research. This session laid the foundation for the rest of the camp by helping learners understand how to ask research questions, form hypotheses, design experiments and interpret data. The interactive approach encouraged curiosity and set the tone for the hands-on investigations that followed.
Next on the agenda was a presentation on key water threats and water chemistry, emphasising that water is not just a simple liquid, but a complex mixture containing salts, nutrients, gases and various chemicals, all of which influence water quality. The learners were introduced to the components of water chemistry and environmental factors that threaten water bodies, preparing them for fieldwork by explaining key water quality parameters including dissolved oxygen, salinity, temperature, nitrite/nitrate and electrical conductivity.
Learners conducting animal observations using binoculars.
Enjoying a scenic boat cruise in St Lucia.
Exploration, observation and real-world learning
On the second day, learners set out by boat on an exciting fieldwork expedition to collect water samples and conduct on-site measurements. This practical component of the camp was made possible through the generous support of Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife, which enabled this immersive scientific experience. Equipped with sampling tools and guided by the knowledge gained from Day 1, learners engaged in real-world data collection, testing water quality parameters.
Learners and educators alike were enthused and energised by the opportunity to apply their scientific understanding in the field. The hands-on exploration not only reinforced classroom concepts but also deepened their knowledge of biodiversity and the importance of healthy water systems. The day was a highlight for many, sparking curiosity and strengthening connections to local aquatic ecosystems.
Learners recording their water quality measurements.
Measuring water temperature, electrical conductivity and pH.
Following their fieldwork, learners visited the Crocodile Centre, where they explored the captivating world of crocodiles. The visit offered a unique educational experience, allowing learners to observe the powerful reptiles up close. During the tour, they were introduced to the biology and behaviour of crocodiles, gaining insights into their adaptations, diet and role in the ecosystem. The visit added an exciting biodiversity element to the camp and deepened learners’ understanding of the importance of conserving all forms of life in freshwater ecosystems.
Data analysis and presentation skills
After the fieldwork, learners were guided through the process of entering their collected data into Excel spreadsheets. They learned how to organise, clean and interpret their data, gaining valuable skills in data handling and analysis.
With support from facilitators, learners explored how to draw meaningful conclusions from their findings by identifying patterns and comparing measurements across different water samples. They were also introduced to effective ways of presenting scientific information, learning how to create graphs, tables and summaries of their results.
This session not only built their confidence in using digital tools but also equipped them with key skills for scientific reporting and communication.
Learners participating in an icebreaker activity.
Exploring science through fun activities – learners conducting the “dancing raisins” experiment and recording their results.
Camp impact
The Grade 10 science camp left a lasting and meaningful impression on both learners and educators. Throughout the camp, learners engaged in a wide range of activities that helped them develop essential skills in scientific inquiry, including formulating research questions, conducting fieldwork, collecting and analysing data, and drawing evidence-based conclusions. These activities significantly enhanced their understanding of the scientific process while boosting their confidence and sparking a deeper curiosity about the natural world.
The hands-on approach used throughout the camp made learning engaging and relevant. By exploring real-world issues such as water quality and biodiversity, learners were able to see the direct application of science to their everyday lives and local environments. This real-world connection not only improved their understanding of key environmental concepts but also fostered a sense of responsibility and stewardship for the ecosystems around them.
Biodiversity intern Londiwe Gule doing a presentation on scientific methods.
Learners presenting their group project results.
In addition to strengthening their scientific knowledge, learners also developed valuable digital literacy skills. They learned how to organise and interpret data using Excel spreadsheets and how to present their findings in well-structured PowerPoint presentations, complete with graphs, tables and visuals. Beyond academic growth, the camp promoted important life skills such as collaboration, communication and teamwork. Working together on group projects helped learners build stronger peer relationships and gain confidence in sharing ideas and presenting their work to others.
Overall, the Grade 10 science camp was more than just an educational experience; it was a transformative journey that encouraged learners to see themselves as young scientists and active participants in protecting and understanding the natural world.
Insights and observations from facilitators
Based on observations and feedback from all facilitators, the learners demonstrated remarkable growth in both their scientific thinking and personal confidence compared with the previous year when they were in Grade 9. This year, they approached the research component of the camp with noticeably greater independence, taking initiative in formulating relevant and thoughtful research questions and hypotheses without the need for prompting or guidance.
Their growing ability to work independently and as part of a team, while applying the knowledge and skills they’ve developed, demonstrates a deeper understanding of scientific methods. The improvement shows strong progress in the learners’ scientific thinking and confidence. Their ability to develop research questions and hypotheses on their own reflects the lasting impact of earlier camps and highlights the value of continued, hands-on science experiences. These opportunities help build learners’ skills and support them in seeing themselves as capable young scientists.
